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Glycan Immunology Lab
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The lab studies the mechanisms of GPI-anchored proteins and the diseases related to them.
AboutAbout the lab
From GPI anchor synthesis to understanding disease
The Glycan Immunology Lab studies how GPI-anchored proteins on the cell surface are made and what they do.
GPI-anchored proteins are proteins attached to the cell membrane by the glycolipid GPI, and they include enzymes, receptors, and adhesion molecules.
If GPI is not made in the correct structure and in the necessary amount, a disease called GPI deficiency results, so the lab aims to clarify its pathology and apply this to diagnosis and treatment.
Key terms
- GPI-anchored protein
- A protein bound to the cell membrane via the glycolipid GPI. Examples include enzymes, receptors, adhesion molecules, and complement regulatory proteins.
- GPI deficiency
- A disease caused by GPI anchors not being made in the correct structure and in the necessary amount. There are acquired and congenital forms.
- Remodeling
- A reaction in which the structure of GPI is altered in the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus after GPI is attached to a protein.
NewsLab news
View More ↗ResearchResearch themes
GPI-anchored proteins on the cell surface are involved in the development of the organism, neural development, immune function, fertilization, and more. The lab investigates their biosynthetic pathways and functions, and aims to clarify the pathology of GPI deficiency, which occurs when they are not made properly, in order to apply this to diagnosis and treatment.
*Illustrative imageBiosynthesis of the GPI Anchor
In the endoplasmic reticulum, the protein part and the GPI part of a GPI-anchored protein are made separately. The first step of building GPI and the step of attaching it to the protein are each carried out by an enzyme complex made up of multiple proteins.
*Illustrative imageRemodeling to Adjust the GPI Structure
After GPI is attached to the protein, its structure is modified in the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus. The exchange of fatty acids in the Golgi apparatus is essential for GPI-anchored proteins to localize to lipid rafts.
*Illustrative imageStructure of the GPI Side Chain
In many GPI-anchored proteins, N-acetylgalactosamine is added as a side chain in the Golgi apparatus, and a structure in which galactose and sialic acid are further attached to it is known. This structure is abundant in nervous system tissues and is thought to be important for neural function.
*Illustrative imageRegulation of Biosynthesis and Quality Control
The synthesis and transport pathways have been largely elucidated, but many points remain unclear about the regulatory mechanisms, quality control, and degradation pathways. The lab is also analyzing the function of the side chains that are abundant in the nervous system.
MembersFaculty
The members of the Glycan Immunology Lab consist of Project Professors, Visiting Professors, and project researchers.
- Project ProfessorYoshiko Murakami
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Report an errorAbout the images
The top and research theme images are illustrative and were not taken at the lab. They are cropped from Wikimedia Commons images. Cropped CC BY-SA images are provided under the same CC BY-SA license as the original (version shown on each line).
- Top image: “CSIRO ScienceImage 354 Influenza Protein Attaching to Cell Membrane” Health Sciences and Nutrition, CSIRO / CC BY 3.0 (cropped)
- Biosynthesis of the GPI Anchor: “Endoplasmic reticulum 1 -- Smart-Servier” Laboratoires Servier / CC BY-SA 3.0 (cropped)
- Remodeling to Adjust the GPI Structure: “Golgi apparatus 4 -- Smart-Servier” Laboratoires Servier / CC BY-SA 3.0 (cropped)
- Structure of the GPI Side Chain: “Glycan processing in the ER and Golgi” Dna 621 / CC BY-SA 3.0 (cropped)
- Regulation of Biosynthesis and Quality Control: “Rough ER Close up” Christinelmiller / CC BY-SA 4.0 (cropped)
- Related lab (免疫化学分野 荒瀬研究室): “Cytotoxic T cell-ja” Template drawing and caption text from "The Immune System", any modifcations made by myself, are released into the public domain.; tossh_eng for ja label. / CC BY-SA 3.0 (cropped)
- Related lab (代謝免疫学グループ): “Macrophage (NIH BioArt 312)” Courtesy of NIAID Ryan Kissinger / Public domain (cropped)
- Related lab (分子免疫制御分野 山﨑研究室): “Macrophage (NIH BioArt 311)” Courtesy of NIAID Ryan Kissinger / Public domain (cropped)
- Related lab (自然免疫学分野 審良研究室): “Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs)” Varun Punnam / CC BY-SA 4.0 (cropped)
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