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Pathogenic Immunology Lab
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The lab views autoimmune diseases and cancer as malfunctions of the immune system directed against the body's own tissues.
AboutAbout the lab
The role and breakdown of immunity directed at the self.
It has become clear that the immune system does more than eliminate pathogens: it actively interacts with the body's own tissues and plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis.
The Division of Pathogenic Immunology clarifies the physiological role of immune responses against the body's own tissues and the mechanisms of diseases that arise when they break down, with the aim of developing new treatments.
The lab views autoimmune diseases and cancer from a unified perspective, as malfunctions of immune responses against the body's own tissues, and confirms in human samples the mechanisms revealed in mouse models.
Key terms
- Autoimmune disease
- A disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues, such as rheumatoid arthritis
- Autoantigen
- A component of the body's own tissues that the immune system targets for attack in an autoimmune disease
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor
- A drug that releases the brakes cancer places on the immune system, allowing immune cells to attack the cancer
- MHC
- A molecule on the cell surface that displays fragments of proteins to T cells
ResearchResearch themes
The lab takes an integrative approach: it clarifies the detailed molecular mechanisms of disease in mouse models and then confirms them in human-derived samples.
*Illustrative imageT cells that cause autoimmune disease
At the core of autoimmune disease is tissue destruction by T cells that recognize the body's own components. Using a autoantigen identification method it developed itself, the lab has reported new autoantigens in rheumatoid arthritis.
*Illustrative imageImmune control of cancer
Some cancers do not respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors. The lab searched for ways to kill cancer cells that have lost MHC and can no longer be detected by T cells, and found the autophagy and TNF signaling pathways as new targets.
MembersFaculty
- ProfessorYoshinaga Ito
- Assistant ProfessorKazunao Osaki
- Assistant ProfessorYoichi Nakayama
VoicesStudent voices
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Report an errorAbout the images
The top and research theme images are illustrative and were not taken at the lab. They are cropped from Wikimedia Commons images. Cropped CC BY-SA images are provided under the same CC BY-SA license as the original (version shown on each line).
- Top image: “T Cell (NIH BioArt )” Courtesy of NIAID Ryan Kissinger / Public domain (cropped)
- T cells that cause autoimmune disease: “T Lymphocyte ( )” NIAID / CC BY 2.0 (cropped)
- Immune control of cancer: “Killer T cells surround a cancer cell” NIH Image Galle / CC BY-SA 4.0 (cropped)
- Related lab (Chemical Biology Lab): “Chemical biology flowchart” Bread6 / CC0 (cropped)
- Related lab (Pathophysiological Function Analysis Lab): “Berkeley 60-inch cyclotron” Department of Energy. Office of Public Affairs / Public domain (cropped)
- Related lab (Multicellular Systems Lab): “Illu epithelium” US Government / Public domain (cropped)
- Related lab (Cancer and Stem Cell Signaling Lab): “Illustration of stem cell control by the niche.” Secker, G.A., and Daniels, J.T., Limbal epithelial stem cells of the cornea (June 30, 2009), StemBook, ed. The Stem Cell Research Community, StemBook, doi/10.3824/stembook.1.48.1, http://www.stembook.org. / CC BY 3.0 (cropped)
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