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Cell Engineering Lab
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A lab that investigates how the Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum are formed, from the perspective of membrane fusion.
AboutAbout the lab
From how organelles form to understanding the cell as a system.
The lab studies how organelles inside cells, especially the Golgi apparatus and the endoplasmic reticulum, are formed and maintained.
The lab believes that understanding the mechanisms that build and maintain organelle structure will also reveal links to disease and aging.
Focusing on membrane fusion, the lab investigates the p97/p47 and p97/p37 pathways, in which the protein p97 ATPase acts.
These two pathways were discovered by Prof. Kondo and colleagues.
Key terms
- Organelle
- A structure within eukaryotic cells that shares out and manages the cell's complex functions. Also called a subcellular organelle.
- Golgi apparatus
- One of the cell's organelles. It has a characteristic shape made of flat membranes stacked in many layers.
- Membrane fusion
- A reaction in which membranes inside a cell join together and become one.
- p97 ATPase
- A protein that acts in membrane fusion. It works together with cofactors such as p47 and p37.
ResearchResearch themes
Each time a cell divides, its organelles break up into small sacs (vesicles) and then fuse again to be reassembled. The lab investigates how the shapes of the Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum are formed and maintained, centering on the p97 ATPase pathways that drive membrane fusion.
*Illustrative imageThe Pathway That Reassembles Organelles During Mitosis
During mitosis, organelles break into vesicles, which fuse and reassemble in the daughter cells after division. The p97/p47 pathway is a membrane fusion mechanism specialized for this reassembly.
*Illustrative imageThe Pathway That Maintains Organelles in Interphase
The p97/p37 pathway maintains the Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum in interphase cells that are not dividing. When an antibody against p37 was injected into cells to block its function, the Golgi's characteristic structure of stacked flat membranes was no longer seen.
*Illustrative imageReconstituting the Golgi Apparatus in a Test Tube
When purified Golgi apparatus is incubated with the supernatant of mitotic cells, it breaks into vesicles. Adding various factors and ATP then reconstitutes the Golgi apparatus in vitro, and the lab has used this system to identify many essential factors.
*Illustrative imageThe Role of the Essential Factor VCIP135
VCIP135 is one of the factors required for the p97 membrane fusion pathway. The lab found that it disassembles the p97/p47/syntaxin5 complex in an ATP-dependent manner and also acts as a deubiquitinating enzyme.
MembersFaculty
- ProfessorHisao Kondo
- Assistant ProfessorSuzune Nakayama
- Assistant ProfessorYayoi Kaneko
VoicesStudent voices
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Report an errorAbout the images
The top and research theme images are illustrative and were not taken at the lab. They are cropped from Wikimedia Commons images. Cropped CC BY-SA images are provided under the same CC BY-SA license as the original (version shown on each line).
- Top image: “Cell-organelles-labeled” Bingbongboing / CC BY-SA 4.0 (cropped)
- The Pathway That Reassembles Organelles During Mitosis: “Cell division - Mitosis 7 -- Smart-Servier” Laboratoires Servier / CC BY-SA 3.0 (cropped)
- The Pathway That Maintains Organelles in Interphase: “Clara cell lung - TEM” Louisa Howard / Public domain (cropped)
- Reconstituting the Golgi Apparatus in a Test Tube: “Two small test tubes held in spring clamps” Amitchell125 at English Wikipedia / CC BY-SA 3.0 (cropped)
- The Role of the Essential Factor VCIP135: “Protein ARF4 (2) PDB 1z6x” Emw / CC BY-SA 3.0 (cropped)
- Related lab (Neuroanatomy Lab): “Sagittal brain slice, UB Museum of Neuroanatomy, Buffalo, New York” Caldwbr / CC BY-SA 4.0 (cropped)
- Related lab (Developmental and Regenerative Medicine Lab): “Mouse embryo ( )” Pazit Polak from Basel, Switzerland / CC BY 2.0 (cropped)
- Related lab (Medical Chemistry Lab): “DNA Structure+Key+Labelled.pn NoBB” Zephyris / CC BY-SA 3.0 (cropped)
- Related lab (Biochemistry Lab): “A Pathway to Protocells on Titan – Animations (SVS -Cell-Membrane-Thumbnail)” NASA's Scientific Visualization Studio - NASA Goddard / Public domain (cropped)
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