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Biophotonics Lab
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A lab developing optical technologies that distinguish the state of immune cells without staining.

AboutAbout the lab
Seeing immune cells with light, without staining
The lab develops new optical technologies that can be used to investigate problems in immunology and biology.
Much of its research is on developing label-free techniques that examine immune-related information at the molecular, cellular, and tissue levels without staining or other markers.
It is particularly interested in the changes that occur in cells when they receive immune stimulation.
The lab collaborates with applied physics research groups at the University of Osaka, and also welcomes collaboration with researchers in physics, biology, and chemistry.
Key terms
- Label-free
- Examining cells or molecules without markers, such as staining with fluorescent dyes.
- Raman scattering
- A method that detects differences between molecules using the scattered light emitted from a substance illuminated by light.
- Compressed sensing
- A technique that, in laser-scanning microscopes, can be used to reduce photobleaching and increase imaging speed.
ResearchResearch themes
This lab studies the behavior of cells using label-free methods that involve no staining. Raman scattering reveals differences in the molecules cells express, and quantitative phase microscopy measures changes in the spatial arrangement of cells. The lab combines them to gather as much information on cell state as possible.
*Illustrative imageDetecting immune cell activation without staining
By combining Raman spectroscopy, phase microscopy, and autofluorescence and analyzing the data with machine learning, the lab developed a method to identify macrophage activation in individual cells without staining.
*Illustrative imageHigh-speed imaging with compressed sensing
This research shows that applying compressed sensing to laser-scanning microscopes reduces photobleaching and increases imaging speed.
*Illustrative imageImaging that combines multiple methods
Imaging that combines multiple label-free methods yields both images showing the distribution of molecules and images that can be captured at video rate.
*Illustrative imageRaman spectral database
This is an effort to create reference spectra by Raman spectroscopy so that they can be used to identify specific compounds.
MembersFaculty
Members of the lab consist of faculty, postdoctoral researchers, and doctoral students.
- Associate ProfessorNicholas I. Smith
- LecturerNicolas Pavillon
- Assistant ProfessorAlison J. Hobro
VoicesStudent voices
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Report an errorAbout the images
The top and research theme images are illustrative and were not taken at the lab. They are cropped from Wikimedia Commons images. Cropped CC BY-SA images are provided under the same CC BY-SA license as the original (version shown on each line).
- Top image: “AFM-Raman microscope” AAMonitor96 / CC BY-SA 3.0 (cropped)
- Detecting immune cell activation without staining: “Macrophage ( )” NIAID / CC BY 2.0 (cropped)
- High-speed imaging with compressed sensing: “Confocal laser scanning microscopy” Database Center for Life Science (DBCLS) / CC BY 3.0 (cropped)
- Imaging that combines multiple methods: “Confocal Raman imaging microscope Witec alpha300” Sonjajnos / CC BY-SA 4.0 (cropped)
- Raman spectral database: “AFM-Raman-TERS” AAMonitor96 / CC BY-SA 3.0 (cropped)
- Related lab (Immunology and Cell Biology Lab): “Bone marrow embolus ( )” Yale Rosen from USA / CC BY-SA 2.0 (cropped)
- Related lab (Seymour Lab): “Stuttering-brain-scan-neurosciennews” DanaAlmutawaaa / CC BY-SA 4.0 (cropped)
- Related lab (Immune Response Dynamics Lab): “HIV-1 virus particles colorized scanning electron micrograph - 411” NIAID / CC BY 2.0 (cropped)
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