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Nakatani Lab
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The lab reads hereditary diseases and cancer through the records of evolution engraved in the genome.
AboutAbout the lab
From the genome, a history book of evolution, to understanding disease
The Nakatani Lab studies the evolutionary records engraved in the genome to better understand the genomic abnormalities that cause human hereditary diseases and cancer.
Using interdisciplinary approaches that include evolutionary genetics, oncology, and bioinformatics, the lab works on genome information analysis, multi-omics analysis, and algorithm development.
Its main research is evolutionary genomics, which traces vertebrate genome evolution from the genomes of species such as medaka and lamprey, and cancer genome analysis.
The lab is part of the Genome Evolution and Medical Science Group in the Division of Bioinformatics, Bioinformatics Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases.
Key terms
- Whole-genome duplication
- A phenomenon in which an entire genome is duplicated. The hypothesis that it occurred twice in the early vertebrate lineage has long attracted attention.
- Multi-omics analysis
- A method that combines comprehensive data from multiple layers of biology, such as the genome and gene expression, for analysis.
- Clonal evolution
- The process in which mutations accumulate in the genomes of a cancer cell population, giving rise to cell lineages with different properties.
ResearchResearch themes
The genome is often called a history book that records the evolution of life. Drawing on expertise in computer science and probability and statistics, the lab studies genome evolution, aiming to link it to cancer genome evolution and to elucidate the mechanisms by which hereditary diseases develop.
*Illustrative imageElucidating the genome evolution history of medaka
By comparing the medaka genome with the human and green spotted pufferfish genomes, the lab inferred how genome structure evolved in teleost fishes. It also developed an algorithm that models genome structure evolution probabilistically to infer ancestral genome structures, and applies it to genome analysis of the elephant shark and lamprey to study genome evolution in early vertebrates.
*Illustrative imageGenome polyploidization in early vertebrates
The lab devised a method to reconstruct chromosome structure after whole-genome duplication from the distribution of duplicated genes. It has so far revealed two rounds of whole-genome duplication in early vertebrates and, through analysis of the Japanese lamprey, a whole-genome triplication in the ancestor of cyclostomes. The lab aims to elucidate the mechanisms of genome evolution that gave rise to complex biological systems.
*Illustrative imageCancer genomes and clonal evolution
With the goal of clarifying the relationship between genome evolution in organisms and in cancer cells, the lab is advancing structural analysis of cancer genomes. For pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, it uses spatial gene expression data to study clonal evolution during tumor formation.
MembersFaculty
- ProfessorYoichiro Nakatani
VoicesStudent voices
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Report an errorAbout the images
The top and research theme images are illustrative and were not taken at the lab. They are cropped from Wikimedia Commons images. Cropped CC BY-SA images are provided under the same CC BY-SA license as the original (version shown on each line).
- Top image: “Medaka (Oryzias latipes) egg, day 0” Ethmostigmus / CC BY-SA 4.0 (cropped)
- Elucidating the genome evolution history of medaka: “Oryzias latipes(Hamamatsu,Shizuoka,Japan,2007)-1” Seotaro / CC BY-SA 3.0 (cropped)
- Genome polyploidization in early vertebrates: “Petromyzon marinus.001 - Aquarium Finisterrae” Fernando Losada Rodríguez / CC BY-SA 4.0 (cropped)
- Cancer genomes and clonal evolution: “Histopathology of pancreatic adenocarcinoma with treatment effect” Mikael Häggström, M.D. Author info - Reusing images- Conflicts of interest: None Mikael Häggström, M.D.Consent note: Consent from the patient or patient's relatives is regarded as redundant, because of absence of identifiable features (List of HIPAA identifiers) in the media and case information (See also HIPAA case reports guidance). / CC0 (cropped)
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- Related lab (生物情報解析分野 RNA情報学グループ 山﨑研究室): “RNA pol” 作者不詳 / Public domain (cropped)
- Related lab (遺伝子機能解析分野 伊川研究室): “Overview of TALENs” Ogletreerd / CC BY-SA 4.0 (cropped)
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