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High-Energy Nuclear Physics Lab
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A nuclear physics lab that uses experiments to probe quark-gluon plasma.
AboutAbout the lab
Probing quark-gluon plasma through experiments
The High-Energy Nuclear Experiment Group studies quark-gluon plasma (QGP) through heavy-ion collision experiments, in which atomic nuclei are collided with each other at high energy.
The lab participates as a member in the PHENIX experiment at RHIC at Brookhaven National Laboratory in the United States, and in the LHC-ALICE experiment at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN).
The creation of QGP was confirmed at RHIC, and the group's research results are described as having been a major contribution to this.
The lab's website presents it under the name "High-Energy Nuclear Experiment Group."
Key terms
- Quark-gluon plasma (QGP)
- A state in which quarks and gluons are released from confinement. It is thought to have existed in the very earliest moments of the Big Bang universe.
- Heavy-ion collisions
- A method of colliding atomic nuclei violently with each other to create a hot, dense state on Earth
- Jet quenching
- A phenomenon in which high-momentum quarks lose a large amount of energy as they pass through dense matter, resulting in fewer high-momentum particles
ResearchResearch themes
By colliding atomic nuclei with each other at high energy, the lab creates quark-gluon plasma (QGP), which is thought to have existed in the very earliest moments of the Big Bang universe, and studies its properties experimentally. As the next step in its research, the LHC-ALICE experiment aims to elucidate the physical properties of QGP. The themes below are based on an overview on the lab's research introduction page that summarizes early results after the completion of RHIC (2000).
*Illustrative imageThe quark-gluon plasma state
Subatomic particles (hadrons) are thought to be states in which quarks and gluons are confined. At extremely high temperature and density, they are predicted to change into quark-gluon plasma (QGP), in which quarks and gluons are released from confinement.
*Illustrative imageHigh-energy heavy-ion collisions
When atomic nuclei collide violently, their energy is released into a space as small as a nucleus. This is a way to create a hot, dense state on Earth, and a phase transition from ordinary matter to QGP is predicted to occur.
*Illustrative imageExperiments at the RHIC collider
RHIC at Brookhaven National Laboratory is an accelerator that collides two beams of accelerated nuclei head-on, and it was completed in 2000. The large experiments PHENIX and STAR and the small experiments BRAHMS and PHOBOS are conducted there.
*Illustrative imageClues to QGP formation
Collisions of gold nuclei at RHIC have produced results suggesting the formation of QGP. The main clues are the azimuthal anisotropy of emitted particles, a high chemical equilibrium temperature, and jet quenching.
MembersFaculty
The members of the High-Energy Nuclear Experiment Group consist of faculty (including professors emeritus), researchers, visiting faculty, technical staff, administrative staff, and doctoral, master's, and undergraduate students.As of 2026
- ProfessorShinichi Esumi
- ProfessorTatsuya Chujo
- Assistant ProfessorTakafumi Niida
- Assistant ProfessorToshihiro Nonaka
- International Tenure-Track Assistant ProfessorDaiki Sekihata
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Report an errorAbout the images
The top and research theme images are illustrative and were not taken at the lab. They are cropped from Wikimedia Commons images. Cropped CC BY-SA images are provided under the same CC BY-SA license as the original (version shown on each line).
- Top image: “CERN ALICE Experiment” Johannes Vogel / CC BY-SA 3.0 (cropped)
- The quark-gluon plasma state: “Quark-gluon-plasma” S13mashina / CC BY-SA 4.0 (cropped)
- High-energy heavy-ion collisions: “View of gold ions collision” Brookhaven National Laboratory / CC BY 2.0 (cropped)
- Experiments at the RHIC collider: “A section of Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider” Z22 / CC BY-SA 4.0 (cropped)
- Clues to QGP formation: “Collider Detector at Fermilab” Bodhitha at en.wikipedia / CC BY-SA 3.0 (cropped)
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