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Biochemistry Lab
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A lab that explores how cells sense force and low oxygen and respond to them.
AboutAbout the lab
Cells sense force and change their shape and movement.
The Molecular Cell Biology Division (Ohashi Lab) studies how cells respond to the mechanical forces and low oxygen applied to them.
Muscles and bones change their structure in response to mechanical load, and blood vessels are involved in functions such as regulating blood pressure in response to the force of blood flow.
The lab investigates the molecular mechanisms by which cells sense force and respond by remodeling the cytoskeleton, using methods such as observation that visualizes living cells.
In the response to low oxygen, the lab found that PHD, an oxygen-sensing enzyme, also controls a response pathway separate from HIF, and is analyzing how this works.
Key terms
- Mechanosensing response
- A reaction in which cells sense mechanical force and respond by remodeling the cytoskeleton. Also called the mechanical stress response
- Cytoskeleton
- A structure inside cells. It is involved in cell shape and movement and is remodeled depending on the situation
- Rho-GEF
- A factor that activates proteins of the Rho family. Involved in controlling the remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton
- BioID method
- A method that finds proteins interacting with a protein of interest by tagging them with biotin inside living cells
- Cell competition
- A phenomenon in which cells with different properties compete with each other and one of them is eliminated
ResearchResearch themes
Cells sense external forces and stresses such as low oxygen, and change their shape, movement, and gene activity. This lab studies the molecular mechanisms of these responses, focusing on the mechanosensing response and cytoskeletal remodeling.
*Illustrative imageOrdering of Cell Populations and Solo
Solo, one of the Rho-GEFs, is required for the activation of RhoA by tension. The lab examines its role in the process by which cell populations become ordered, through the collective migration of epithelial cells and lumen formation.
*Illustrative imageSearching for Proteins That Bind Rho-GEFs
To find proteins that sense force (mechanosensors), the lab comprehensively examines, using the BioID method, the proteins that interact inside cells with 11 types of Rho-GEFs involved in the mechanosensing response.
*Illustrative imageElucidating Mechanosensors and Signal Transduction
The lab aims to elucidate the proteins that act between the sensing of tension and the activation of Rho-GEFs, and the pathways through which the information is transmitted. It investigates by decreasing or increasing the amount of proteins, using RhoA activation as the readout.
*Illustrative imageCell Competition and the Mechanosensing Response
The lab focuses on the phenomenon in which surrounding normal cells eliminate mutant cells in epithelial tissue that could become cancerous. It investigates how the mechanosensing response works in the recognition and elimination of mutant cells.
MembersFaculty
The members of the Ohashi Lab consist of faculty, and doctoral, master's, and undergraduate students.
- ProfessorKazumasa Ohashi
- Associate ProfessorKen-ichi Yasumoto
- Assistant ProfessorShuhei Chiba
VoicesStudent voices
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Report an errorAbout the images
The top and research theme images are illustrative and were not taken at the lab. They are cropped from Wikimedia Commons images. Cropped CC BY-SA images are provided under the same CC BY-SA license as the original (version shown on each line).
- Top image: “Spinal cord gray matter immunofluorescence staining, confocal imaging” Wisstock / CC BY 4.0 (cropped)
- Ordering of Cell Populations and Solo: “Limbal epithelial cells. Monolayer. SEM-BSE” Ivan A. Novikov / CC BY-SA 4.0 (cropped)
- Searching for Proteins That Bind Rho-GEFs: “Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of Proteins” Jean-Etienne Minh-Duy Poirrier from Bruxelles, Belgium / CC BY-SA 2.0 (cropped)
- Elucidating Mechanosensors and Signal Transduction: “Actin Filaments in a Neuroblastoma cell Line” Howard Vindin / CC BY 4.0 (cropped)
- Cell Competition and the Mechanosensing Response: “Salivary gland epithelial tissue growing in vitro” Irebustini / CC BY 4.0 (cropped)
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- Related lab (Theoretical Chemistry Lab): “Model 21-103 Mass Spectrometer in use at Exxon analytical research laboratory 1974” Courtesy of Science History Institute, No Known Copyright / Public domain (cropped)
- Related lab (Quantum Chemistry Lab): “Studying water” Pawel Nowakowski / CC BY-SA 4.0 (cropped)
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