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Acoustic Measurement Lab (Marine Measurement Science)
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A lab that uses sound waves to look into the sea and estimate the abundance of fish and plankton.

AboutAbout the lab
Looking into the sea with sound
The Acoustic Measurement Lab uses sound waves to observe the sea and estimate the abundance (stock size) of marine organisms such as fish and zooplankton.
Light hardly penetrates the sea and different organisms live at different depths, so sound waves, which can survey a wide area from a distance, serve as an observation tool.
The lab uses ultrasound, which humans cannot hear, in fish finders and sonar, and relies on the echoes (reflected sound) returned from organisms.
Professor Tohru Mukai and Assistant Professor Kohei Hasegawa work on the sound-reflecting properties of marine organisms and on developing acoustic instruments for studying abundance.
Key terms
- Scientific echosounder
- A research fish finder that can express the strength of returned echoes as numerical values. It is used to estimate the abundance of organisms
- Target strength
- The strength with which a single fish reflects sound waves. It varies with species and size, and serves as the reference for calculating the number of fish from echoes
- Transponder
- An underwater acoustic device that sends back a response signal when it receives a specific acoustic signal. It is used as a position marker
ResearchResearch themes
Compared with light and radio waves, sound waves travel well through water, so they are used as a tool for surveying wide areas of the sea. The main theme of the lab is ocean observation using sound waves, especially estimating the abundance of marine organisms, and it studies a wide range of organisms that can be detected with sound waves, from fish to zooplankton.
*Illustrative imageEstimating the abundance of organisms with sound waves
A scientific echosounder can express the strength of the echo returned from organisms as a numerical value. The fish density is obtained by dividing the echo strength returned from a given volume of water by the echo strength of a single fish, and the number of fish in the whole surveyed area is then estimated.
*Illustrative imageEcho strength returned by a single fish
The echo strength of a single fish is called target strength (TS), and it is an essential value for estimating abundance. Measuring the TS of each type of organism is also one of the lab's main research themes.
*Illustrative imageFinding positions underwater with sound waves
Radio waves do not travel far underwater, so GPS cannot be used. The lab also uses sound waves for underwater positioning, finding the positions of organisms and observation equipment by measuring the distance to a transponder that responds to acoustic signals and the direction from which sound arrives.
MembersFaculty
- ProfessorTohru Mukai
- Assistant ProfessorKohei Hasegawa
VoicesStudent voices
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Report an errorAbout the images
The top and research theme images are illustrative and were not taken at the lab. They are cropped from Wikimedia Commons images. Cropped CC BY-SA images are provided under the same CC BY-SA license as the original (version shown on each line).
- Top image: “See the depth for yourself^^ - geograph.org.uk - 381639” Des Colhoun / CC BY-SA 2.0 (cropped)
- Estimating the abundance of organisms with sound waves: “Echo Sounding USN” 作者不詳 / Public domain (cropped)
- Echo strength returned by a single fish: “Tamer Kiran 018” William Scot / CC BY-SA 2.5 (cropped)
- Finding positions underwater with sound waves: “LBL Baseline Transponder RBS2 Austria Sub” Desertstar / CC BY 3.0 (cropped)
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