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Yamaguchi Lab
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A lab that explores subduction-zone faults and fluids from both the sea and the land.
AboutAbout the lab
Exploring deformation and material movement in subduction zones
The Yamaguchi Lab studies deformation and material movement at subduction zones, where oceanic plates sink beneath other plates.
Subduction zones are the largest shear zones on Earth, and they are also places where water and materials are transported on a massive scale.
Deformation and material cycling there have a major influence on earthquakes and volcanic eruptions in the short term, and on the rise and decline of continents and on climate change in the long term.
By combining deep-sea drilling, marine surveys, and onshore geological fieldwork, the lab seeks to approach these questions from both mechanical and chemical perspectives.
Key terms
- Shear zone
- A band-shaped part of the crust where rock has been strongly deformed by forces that make it slide sideways. Faults are one kind of shear zone.
- Accretionary complex
- A mass of rock layers formed when sediments and other material on top of a subducting oceanic plate are scraped off and pressed against the landward side.
- Basalt
- A dark volcanic rock that makes up the oceanic crust. Its properties change gradually through hydrothermal activity and weathering on the seafloor.
ResearchResearch themes
Aiming to understand the phenomena that occur in and around plate subduction zones, the lab conducts research on both the sea and the land. It combines a variety of methods, including ocean observation, deep-sea drilling, geological surveys, chemical analysis, and physical property measurements.
*Illustrative imageDrilling into Subduction-Zone Faults
Through the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP), the lab analyzes samples recovered from deep beneath the seafloor by vessels such as the deep-sea drilling vessel Chikyu, in order to clarify the developmental history of subduction-zone faults, as well as frictional heating and fluid migration along them.
*Illustrative imageAlteration of Oceanic Crust
Between its formation and its subduction, oceanic crust is altered and forms water-bearing minerals. By examining the chemical composition, mineral composition, and physical properties of seafloor basalt, the lab clarifies the role this alteration plays in dehydration and deformation at subduction zones.
*Illustrative imageStudying Onshore Accretionary Complexes
The lab conducts fieldwork on onshore accretionary complexes such as the Shimanto Belt, and uses physical property measurements and chemical analyses of the collected samples to analyze the deformation of accretionary complexes, as well as fluid migration and material cycling.
*Illustrative imageMarine Geology of Trench Areas
Using shallow seafloor cores and rock samples collected during marine surveys on academic research vessels and other ships, the lab investigates the link between fault activity at subduction zones and disturbance of the shallow seafloor.
MembersFaculty
- Associate ProfessorAsuka YamaguchiPublications ↗
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Report an errorAbout the images
The top and research theme images are illustrative and were not taken at the lab. They are cropped from Wikimedia Commons images. Cropped CC BY-SA images are provided under the same CC BY-SA license as the original (version shown on each line).
- Top image: “Flexure-chert kyuzo-pass01” KAMUI / CC BY-SA 3.0 (cropped)
- Drilling into Subduction-Zone Faults: “Chikyu 1” Gleam / CC BY-SA 3.0 (cropped)
- Alteration of Oceanic Crust: “Pillow basalt crop l” National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration / Public domain (cropped)
- Studying Onshore Accretionary Complexes: “Turbidite outcrop at Cape Ban in Nago” Kugel~commonswiki / CC BY-SA 4.0 (cropped)
- Marine Geology of Trench Areas: “Hakuho Maru, Fremantle, 2019 (03)” Bahnfrend / CC BY-SA 4.0 (cropped)
- Related lab (OFGS (Ocean Floor Geoscience / Okino-Kuroda Lab)): “Louisville seamount chain - bathymetry” World Data Center for Geophysics & Marine Geology (Boulder, CO), National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA / Public domain (cropped)
- Related lab (Maeno Lab (Volcano Research Center)): “Shinmoe-dake Volcano Erupts on Kyushu Feb 2011” Robert Simmon / Public domain (cropped)
- Related lab (Ikeda Lab): “Ribbon chert of the Marin Headlands Terrane, exposed at Marshall's Beach, San Francisco” Callanbentley / CC BY 4.0 (cropped)
- Related lab (Goto Lab): “Higashi-Hen na zaki Cape - panoramio” Kaz Ish / CC BY-SA 3.0 (cropped)
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