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Uyeshima Lab (Electrical Resistivity Structure Exploration and Electromagnetic Observation)
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Using how easily electricity passes through the ground, the lab probes underground water and magma to understand earthquakes and volcanoes.
AboutAbout the lab
Seeing underground structure through electromagnetics.
The Uyeshima Lab studies the distribution of subsurface electrical resistivity, a measure of how poorly the ground conducts electricity, to understand the mechanisms of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.
Electrical resistivity is sensitive to factors such as rock temperature and the amount and connectivity of water and magma in the gaps between rock grains, so it provides information distinct from that given by seismic waves.
In collaboration with researchers in Japan and abroad, the lab reveals subsurface electrical resistivity structure, from earthquake source regions and volcanic areas to the whole Japanese archipelago.
The lab also works on developing electromagnetic observation techniques and methods for estimating subsurface structure from observational data.
Key terms
- Electrical resistivity
- A measure of how poorly a material conducts electricity. It is lower in rocks that contain more water or magma.
- Magnetotelluric (MT) method
- An exploration method that measures changes in the natural electric and magnetic fields at the surface to estimate the distribution of electrical resistivity underground.
- Inversion
- An analysis that works backward from observed data to estimate the underground structure or other properties that produced it.
ResearchResearch themes
By investigating subsurface electrical resistivity structure together with information from fields such as seismology, the lab works to clarify the mechanisms of earthquake occurrence and volcanic eruptions. Including the development of observation methods and inversion techniques, the lab has worked with researchers in Japan and abroad to reveal structures ranging from earthquake source regions and volcanic areas to the scale of the entire archipelago.
*Illustrative imageExploring Earthquake and Volcano Mechanisms through Resistivity Structure
The lab has revealed subsurface electrical resistivity structure and used it to help clarify the mechanisms of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. In the source region of earthquakes in Hamadori, Fukushima Prefecture, it found that most earthquakes occur in areas of high resistivity, with an area of low resistivity directly beneath the hypocenters. In Kyushu, it has also become clear that subsurface structure differs from volcano to volcano.
*Illustrative imageDeveloping Electromagnetic Observation Techniques
The lab has developed new observation techniques to improve the accuracy of resistivity structure estimation and the ability to capture changes in electromagnetic fields caused by earthquake and volcanic activity. The Network MT method, independently developed at the Earthquake Research Institute, uses telephone lines to measure the potential difference between two points several kilometers to tens of kilometers apart, and thereby obtains information about deep underground.
*Illustrative imageDeveloping Inversion Methods
The lab has developed new methods to improve the accuracy of inversion, which estimates subsurface electrical resistivity structure from electromagnetic observation data. These include a three-dimensional method that accurately incorporates the effects of topography.
*Illustrative imageElectromagnetic Field Observations across Japan and Overseas
The lab observes electromagnetic fields throughout Japan and overseas in order to estimate subsurface structure and to capture changes in electromagnetic fields caused by earthquake and volcanic activity. Observations are also conducted near the Bungo Channel, where slow slip events recur, and in New Zealand, with the aim of clarifying the mechanisms of slow slip.
MembersFaculty
- ProfessorMakoto UyeshimaPublications ↗
- Assistant ProfessorYoshiya UsuiPublications ↗
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Report an errorAbout the images
The top and research theme images are illustrative and were not taken at the lab. They are cropped from Wikimedia Commons images. Cropped CC BY-SA images are provided under the same CC BY-SA license as the original (version shown on each line).
- Top image: “Kirishima volcano 20111125” Jun Seita / CC BY 2.0 (cropped)
- Exploring Earthquake and Volcano Mechanisms through Resistivity Structure: “Kirishima Volcano Relief Map, SRTM-1” Batholith / Public domain (cropped)
- Developing Electromagnetic Observation Techniques: “LEMI405” user:seleonov / Public domain (cropped)
- Developing Inversion Methods: “Magnometer Prospektion Feld vorne” Axel Hindemith / CC BY-SA 3.0 (cropped)
- Electromagnetic Field Observations across Japan and Overseas: “Fluxgate magnetometer and unknown device - National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo - DSC07794” Daderot / CC0 (cropped)
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