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Mochizuki Lab (Marine Seismology)
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The lab deploys seismometers on the seafloor to uncover how earthquakes occur at plate boundaries.
AboutAbout the lab
Exploring how earthquakes occur, from the seafloor
The Mochizuki Lab uses seismological methods to study earthquakes that occur where oceanic plates subduct.
Most earthquakes, large and small, occur at plate boundaries beneath the seafloor.
The lab deploys ocean-bottom seismometers on the seafloor for observation and investigates how fault slip begins and spreads.
Its observations center on the subduction zones around Japan, and also cover subduction zones elsewhere in the world, including New Zealand.
Key terms
- Subduction zone
- A place where an oceanic plate dives beneath another plate. Large earthquakes tend to occur along the trench.
- Ocean-bottom seismometer
- An observation instrument that is sunk to the seafloor to record earthquake shaking. When observation ends, it is made to float up and is recovered.
- Slow slip
- A phenomenon in which a plate boundary slips slowly over several days to several months without producing shaking.
ResearchResearch themes
The lab uses seismological methods to study earthquakes that occur in subduction zones. Centered on the subduction zones around Japan, the lab also travels to other subduction zones around the world to conduct observations.
*Illustrative imageSeamount Subduction and Earthquakes off Ibaraki
Off Ibaraki, M7-class earthquakes occur at intervals of roughly 20 years. Surveys using ocean-bottom seismometers confirmed that a seamount about the size of Mt. Fuji is subducting at the plate boundary, and the lab is investigating how it relates to earthquakes.
*Illustrative imageThe Boundary in Seismic Activity off Sanriku
Around 39°N in the Japan Trench, areas with frequent earthquakes and areas with few earthquakes are sharply separated. Using active-source seismic surveys with artificial seismic waves, the lab examined the relationship between the strength of reflections from the plate boundary and seismic activity.
*Illustrative imageThe Boundary of Great Earthquakes in the Nankai Trough
The area off the Kii Peninsula marks the boundary between the source regions of the past Tonankai and Nankai earthquakes. Through ocean-bottom seismometer observations repeated over five years, the lab examined the characteristics of seismic activity around this boundary.
*Illustrative imageSlow Slip in New Zealand
Off the east coast of New Zealand's North Island, slow slip, in which the plate boundary slips slowly, occurs repeatedly. The lab captures slow slip through seafloor observations and investigates how it relates to the distribution of water near the plate boundary.
MembersFaculty
The members of the Mochizuki Lab consist of faculty and doctoral students.
- ProfessorKimihiro MochizukiPublications ↗
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Report an errorAbout the images
The top and research theme images are illustrative and were not taken at the lab. They are cropped from Wikimedia Commons images. Cropped CC BY-SA images are provided under the same CC BY-SA license as the original (version shown on each line).
- Top image: “Test des sismomètres OBS (Ocean Bottom Seismometer) en bassin d'essais (Ifremer )” Olivier Dugornay (Ifremer) / CC BY 4.0 (cropped)
- Seamount Subduction and Earthquakes off Ibaraki: “EmperorSeamounts” cropped by User:Seattle Skier / Public domain (cropped)
- The Boundary in Seismic Activity off Sanriku: “OBS deployment” John Whitehead / Public domain (cropped)
- The Boundary of Great Earthquakes in the Nankai Trough: “Nankai trough topographic” Peka / CC BY-SA 3.0 (cropped)
- Slow Slip in New Zealand: “Kaikoura-uplift1” IcknieldRidgeway / CC BY-SA 4.0 (cropped)
- Related lab (Isse Lab): “Pacific Ocean laea relief location map” Uwe Dedering / CC BY-SA 3.0 (cropped)
- Related lab (Araya Lab): “Interferenz-michelson” FL0 / CC BY-SA 3.0 (cropped)
- Related lab (Watada Lab (Earth and Planetary Dynamics)): “SWOT Satellite Measures Pacific Tsunami (PIA26652)” NASA/JPL-Caltech / Public domain (cropped)
- Related lab (Takeuchi Lab): “Terrestrial Planet Interiors (Earth, Mars and Moon) - Artist's Concept” NASA/JPL-Caltech / Public domain (cropped)
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