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Earth Interior Materials Science Lab
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A lab that explores the dynamics of the Earth's interior through high-pressure experiments.
AboutAbout the lab
Exploring deep structure and planetary evolution by reproducing the interiors of the Earth and planets in experiments and analyzing their materials.
The Earth Interior Materials Science Lab uses high-pressure deformation experiments to study dynamic phenomena in the Earth's interior, such as mantle convection and deep-focus earthquakes.
The lab likens rocks, minerals, meteorites, and ice to the cells and molecules that make up the Earth and planets, and tries to read the origin and transformation of these bodies from their physical properties.
It uses experimental equipment, such as high-temperature, high-pressure synthesis and in situ observation and low-temperature, high-pressure deformation, along with analytical instruments such as microscopes and X-ray diffraction.
On the department's website, the lab is introduced under the research field "Earth Interior Materials Science."
Key terms
- Deep-focus earthquake
- An earthquake that occurs deep in the Earth, such as in the mantle transition zone (about 400-700 km deep), inside a subducting plate
- Mantle transition zone
- The region of the Earth's interior at a depth of about 400-700 km
- Synchrotron radiation
- Intense light (including X-rays) emitted by accelerated electrons. It is used to observe samples inside high-pressure apparatus while an experiment is running
- Dehydration embrittlement
- The process in which the release of water contained in a rock makes the rock more prone to fracture
ResearchResearch themes
The lab investigates rocks, minerals, meteorites, and ice through high-temperature, high-pressure experiments to explore the deep structure and evolution of the Earth and planets. In particular, it aims to clarify the properties of rocks and minerals that govern plate-related earthquakes and mantle convection, using in situ observation with synchrotron X-rays and high-pressure deformation experiments.
*Illustrative imageWater in the deep Earth and deep-focus earthquakes
The lab investigates how water in the deep Earth is involved in the occurrence of deep-focus earthquakes and the weakening of subducting plates. It focuses on dehydration embrittlement, hydrolytic weakening, serpentine, and high-pressure hydrous phases.
*Illustrative imageObserving deformation and reactions with synchrotron radiation
Using next-generation synchrotron radiation, the lab observes in situ how materials react while deforming. With high temporal and spatial resolution, it approaches how fracture, flow, and reactions proceed.
*Illustrative imageHigh-pressure phase transitions and deep-focus earthquakes
The lab investigates how high-pressure phase transitions in the mantle transition zone lead to deep-focus earthquakes and the weakening of deep plates. It focuses on superplasticity, grain-size reduction, strain localization, and shear instability.
*Illustrative imageDeformation and reactions of analog materials for the deep Earth
Using synchrotron radiation and high-pressure deformation apparatus, the lab observes in situ how deformation and reactions are linked in analog materials that resemble rocks in the deep Earth. By combining MA-type high-pressure deformation experiments with acoustic emission (AE) measurements, it also studies dehydration reactions.
MembersFaculty
- ProfessorTomoaki Kubo
VoicesStudent voices
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Report an errorAbout the images
The top and research theme images are illustrative and were not taken at the lab. They are cropped from Wikimedia Commons images. Cropped CC BY-SA images are provided under the same CC BY-SA license as the original (version shown on each line).
- Top image: “Diamond anvil cell schematic” José A. Flores-Livas, Lilia Boeri, Antonio Sanna, Gianni Profeta, Ryotaro Arita, Mikhail Eremets / CC BY 4.0 (cropped)
- Water in the deep Earth and deep-focus earthquakes: “Peridotite mantle xenoliths in phonotephrite (Peridot Mesa Flow, Middle Pleistocene, 580 ka; Peridot Mesa, San Carlos Volcanic Field, Arizona, USA) 28 (cropped))” James St. John / CC BY 2.0 (cropped)
- Observing deformation and reactions with synchrotron radiation: “Aust.-Synchrotron-Interior-Panorama” jjron / CC BY-SA 3.0 (cropped)
- High-pressure phase transitions and deep-focus earthquakes: “Olivine-Dunit” דקי / CC BY-SA 3.0 (cropped)
- Deformation and reactions of analog materials for the deep Earth: “Rock Deformation” Chris Light / CC BY-SA 4.0 (cropped)
- Related lab (Rock Cycle Science Lab): “Metamorphic rock in the area at Sårjåstjåhkkå in Sulitjelma” Frankemann / CC BY-SA 4.0 (cropped)
- Related lab (Observational Seismology and Volcanology Lab (Earthquake and Volcano Observation Research Center)): “Seismometer-iceland” Heidi Soosalu / CC BY-SA 3.0 (cropped)
- Related lab (Atmosphere-Ionosphere Coupling and Space Weather Science Lab): “Aurora Borealis In North Texas (4)” Rollingskyphoto / CC BY 4.0 (cropped)
- Related lab (Earth and Planetary Natural History Lab): “Uncoiled Lower Creataceous Ammonites from Northern Bulgaria (Coll. N. Dimitrova) at the Sofia University 'St. Kliment Ohridski' Museum of Paleontology and Historical Geology” Motekov / CC BY-SA 4.0 (cropped)
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