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Solidification Engineering Lab
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A lab that uses synchrotron radiation to explore the mechanisms of solidification, in which metals melt and then solidify.
AboutAbout the lab
Understanding solidification by observing it in situ.
The Solidification Engineering Lab studies how the microstructure of materials forms during solidification, the process in which metals melt and then solidify.
Recently, with metal additive manufacturing in mind, the lab has been working to elucidate phenomena that occur under conditions of rapid melting and rapid solidification.
Using synchrotron X-ray imaging at the large synchrotron radiation facility SPring-8, the lab observes in situ the moments when melting and solidification proceed, and advances understanding by linking the observations to theory and models.
The lab regards itself as a place where, through research, students develop the ability to analyze problems, build solutions, and explain them in a way that third parties can understand.
Key terms
- Solidification
- The process in which a liquid turns into a solid. Crystal growth and solute transport proceed at the same time, and the microstructure inside the material is determined
- Synchrotron X-ray imaging
- A method that uses X-rays from a large synchrotron radiation facility to observe, in real time, the motion of melt pools, the movement of the solidification front, and more
- Metal additive manufacturing
- A manufacturing method that builds objects by repeatedly melting metal rapidly and locally with a laser or electron beam and letting it solidify
- Dendrite
- A crystal that grows in a tree-branch-like shape. It is seen during the course of solidification
ResearchResearch themes
The solidification process, in which a liquid turns into a solid, determines the distribution of microstructure and defects in many materials, regardless of whether the manufacturing process is casting, welding, or metal additive manufacturing. Centering on solidification, the lab aims to understand the essence of improving material properties and bringing out functionality.
*Illustrative imageSolidification as a Common Foundation of Materials
Whatever the manufacturing method, such as casting, welding, or metal AM, most materials are made through solidification. Because crystal growth, solute transport, and liquid-phase flow determine the distribution of microstructure and defects, the lab explores the essence of material properties with solidification as its axis.
*Illustrative imageFrom the Science of Solidification to Metal AM
Solidification is a complex, non-steady-state phenomenon, involving dendrite growth, in which crystals take a tree-branch-like form, as well as solute segregation and interaction with liquid-phase flow. Starting from this understanding, the lab re-examines microstructure formation and property development in metal AM, where rapid melting and rapid solidification are repeated.
*Illustrative imageObserving Metal AM In Situ
Solidification in metal AM proceeds in micron-scale melt pools on timescales of milliseconds or less. Using synchrotron X-ray imaging at SPring-8, the lab observes melt pool behavior, movement of the solidification front, liquid-phase flow, and spatter generation in real time, and deepens understanding by linking them to theory and models.
MembersFaculty
The members of the Solidification Engineering Lab consist of faculty, technical staff, and master's and undergraduate students.As of 2026
- ProfessorKohei Morishita
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Report an errorAbout the images
The top and research theme images are illustrative and were not taken at the lab. They are cropped from Wikimedia Commons images. Cropped CC BY-SA images are provided under the same CC BY-SA license as the original (version shown on each line).
- Top image: “XRISM s X-ray mirror assembly” NASA / Public domain (cropped)
- Solidification as a Common Foundation of Materials: “Gold-crystals” Alchemist-hp (talk) www.pse-mendelejew.de / CC BY-SA 3.0 de (cropped)
- From the Science of Solidification to Metal AM: “31st MXS metals shop new 3D printing capability will save man hours, money (8529135)” U.S. Air Force photo by Staff Sgt. Heather Ley / Public domain (cropped)
- Observing Metal AM In Situ: “TXPES beamline at SESAME” Erkcan / CC BY-SA 4.0 (cropped)
- Related lab (Materials Composite Engineering Lab): “Traditional sand-casting process of brass and aluminium for UNISM furniture pieces” Rosebudz92 / CC BY-SA 4.0 (cropped)
- Related lab (Molten Materials Physical Chemistry Lab): “Molten Metal Pouring from a Ladle” Mnooralam11 / CC BY 4.0 (cropped)
- Related lab (Thin Film Engineering Lab): “Cross-Shaped Transmon with 2 Josephson Junctions” OJB Quantum / CC BY 4.0 (cropped)
- Related lab (Crystal Plasticity Lab): “Inspekt desk 50kN IMGP8563” Smial / CC BY-SA 2.0 de (cropped)
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